Dynamic Rendering

Introduction

In previous versions of Vulkan, before we could finish creating the pipeline, we needed to tell Vulkan about the framebuffer attachments that would be used while rendering through a render pass object. However, with the introduction of dynamic rendering in Vulkan 1.3, we can now specify this information directly when creating the graphics pipeline and when recording command buffers.

Dynamic rendering simplifies the rendering process by eliminating the need for render pass and framebuffer objects. Instead, we can specify the color, depth, and stencil attachments directly when we begin rendering.

Pipeline Rendering Create Info

To use dynamic rendering, we need to specify the formats of the attachments that will be used during rendering. This is done through the vk::PipelineRenderingCreateInfo structure when creating the graphics pipeline:

vk::PipelineRenderingCreateInfo pipelineRenderingCreateInfo{ .colorAttachmentCount = 1, .pColorAttachmentFormats = &swapChainImageFormat };

This structure specifies that we’ll be using one color attachment with the format of our swap chain images. We then include this structure in the pNext chain of the vk::GraphicsPipelineCreateInfo structure:

vk::GraphicsPipelineCreateInfo pipelineInfo{ .pNext = &pipelineRenderingCreateInfo,
    .stageCount = 2, .pStages = shaderStages,
    .pVertexInputState = &vertexInputInfo, .pInputAssemblyState = &inputAssembly,
    .pViewportState = &viewportState, .pRasterizationState = &rasterizer,
    .pMultisampleState = &multisampling, .pColorBlendState = &colorBlending,
    .pDynamicState = &dynamicState, .layout = pipelineLayout, .renderPass = nullptr };

Note that the renderPass parameter is set to nullptr because we’re using dynamic rendering instead of a traditional render pass.

Command Buffer Recording

When recording command buffers, we’ll use the vk::CommandBuffer::beginRendering function to start rendering to the specified attachments. We’ll cover this in more detail in the Drawing chapter.

The advantage of dynamic rendering is that it simplifies the rendering process by eliminating the need for render pass and framebuffer objects. It also provides more flexibility by allowing us to change the attachments we’re rendering to without creating new render pass objects.

In the next chapter, we’ll put everything together to finally create the graphics pipeline object!

C++ code / Vertex shader / Fragment shader